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4 Sheets-Sheet 1. GUMMING.

(No Model.)

W. PATERSON & W. B.

WATER TIGHT BULK HEAD DOOR. No. 432,070.

Patented Jul 4g WITNESSES.

THE News nuns co., mom-mum, wnsnmarow, a, c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2,

W. PATERSON & W. B. OUMMING. WATER TIGHT BULK HEAD DOOR.

No. 432,070. Patented July 15, 1890.

( E-gall! i 2 4 6, gu/Lwj BY (No Model.)

4 Sheets- Sheet 3. W. PATERSON & W. B. GUMMING.

WATER TIGHT BULK HEAD DOOR.

Patented July 15,1890.

Wmiad I g WITNESSES:

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w: Noam: versus 00., morwum (No Model,) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. PATERSON & W B. OUMMI'NG. WATER TIGHT BULK HEAD DOOR.

No. 432,070. Patented July 15,1890.

nu I my WITNESSES: ml/nvrofls I @ZZ [W 7 M 620! Evy/86% Q 4 7 Arm/Mfrs Connected with VVater-TightB ulk-headDoors UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WVALTER PATERSON, OF GLASGOW, COUNTY OF LANARK, SCOTLAND, AND NVILLIAM BRUCE CUMMING, OF BOOTLE, COUNTY OF LANCASTER, ENG LAND, ASSIGNORS OF ONE-HALF TO LEOPOLD'KATZENSTEIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WATER-TIGHT BULK-HEAD DOOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters IatentNo. 432,070, dated July 15, 1890. Application filed March 26, 1890. Serial No. 345,399. (No model.) Patented in England December 21. 1888,11'0- 18,688-

of the Queen of England, have invented cer tain new and useful Improvements in and of Navigable Vessels, (for which we have obtained Letters-Patent of Great Britain, 1%.. 18,688, of December 21, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference mainly to those k1nds of bulk-head doors which are fitted in the bulk-heads of navigable vessels and are adapted to slide in a plane parallel with and closely. to the bulk-head and cover and uncover the aperture or doorway formed in the said bulk-head, such doors being known as water=tight bulk-head doors.

A bulk-head door constructed and operating according to our invention consists as follows: The door is made in two parts and so arranged that when the doorway is open one of the parts will be mostly below the sill of the door andtheotherwilllieabovetheopening. When, on the other hand, the doors close the aperture or doorway, the two portions are by suit-- able gearing or mechanical devices caused to approach each other, the lower one. being raised from its open position and the upper one being lowered from its open position, the two parts thus meeting each other at aconvenient point between the top and bottom of the door-aperture.

The mechanical devices by which the two parts of the door may be made to approach or recede from each other simultaneously may consist of screw-gear, chain or rope gear, or tooth-gear, or any combination thereof. The gear may be worked by manual, steam, or hydraulic power, or any combination thereof.

According to our arrangement of manual screw-gear we employ a worm or screw operated from a fixed bearing above the door, said worm being passed through a nut in or on a frame connected with or attached to the lower half-door, and also a nut in the upper halfdoor, the part of the worm, however, which passes through the latter nut having a converse pitch to the other part. The frame may be formed partly of side rods, which are capable of being adjusted or screwed up, so as to tighten up the door when required.

Themeeting edges of the two half-doors, which slide in suitable side guides, may be formed so thatwhen closed one slides into the other or .past the other in such a manner as to make a water-tight joint.

\Vhen we employ an artificial power-such as hydraulic or steamthe top half-door may be in connection with the piston-rod of a cylinder and the lower half-door may be connected to the top one by chains or ropes so arranged that they cause the lower door to 65. rise when the top one is lowered, and vice versa. The fluid under pressure may be admitted to either one or other sides of the piston automatically by a floater operated by the height of the water in the bilges of the vessel and operating a valve connected with the cylinder; or this valve may be operated by hand from the deck of the vessel or other point.

If the conditions are such that it is necessary or advisable to operate the doors at a point some distance therefrom, we may employ a second cylinder, which would be situated at or near the said point of operation.

A piston would be employed in the cylinder and it would be worked by hand through a screw or equivalent gear, forcing'water or other liquid to either one or other side of the piston of the cylinder connected with and operating the doors; or the piston might be operated by steam from the main boiler or'85 water from the donkey-engine,or fluid under pressure from any suitable sourcemay be used therefor. Suitable pipes and valves would be used to control the supply and discharge fluid from the said cylinder or cylinders and con- 0 duct the same from one cylinder to another when desired, and relief or safety valves may be employed on the pipes or cylinders, so as to prevent the pressure within them being raised to above a safe point. 9

Having thus specified generally the nature of our invention, its description will now be proceeded with in reference to the drawings hereunto annexed and forming a part of this specification by way of explaining more fully the nature of ourinvention. The drawings and the description of them set forth together special constructions of water-tight bulk-head doors designed to carry out the construction the nature of which has been above explained.

In the drawings the same letters and figures of reference are used to denote the same or corresponding parts wherever they occur.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 illustrates in front elevation, and Fig. 2 in side elevation, a water-tight bulk-head door constructed and operating by manual screw-gear according to ourinvention. Fig. 3 illustrates in front elevation, and Fig. at in side elevation, a watertight bulk-head door constructed and operating by hydraulic or steam power according to our invention. Fig. 5 is a front elevation, and Fig. 6 a side elevation, of a cylinder and appliances adapted to operate the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 from a point some distance therefrom. Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of the device we employ for wedging the doors up to the face of the frame. Fig. 8 is a sectional end elevation of the device shown in Fig. 7.

lVe will first describe the manual screw-operated door illustrated at Figs. 1 and 2. We construct the door in two partsnamely, an upper part a. and a lower part a. These partdoors a and a are arranged so that when the doorway is open the lower part a will be mostly below the sill of the door and the upper part will be above the opening, and are constructed to fit and slide in the side guides 1). Near the top of the guides 12 a fixed bearing (1 is provided, and some distance above this hearing there is a second fixed bearing 01. Running in the bearings d (1 there is a shaft 6, provided with a right-hand screw e and alcft-hand screw 0 The screw 6 passes through a screw nut or boss a attached to the upper half a of the door, and the screw 6 passes through a screw-nut a on or attached to the cross-head f. This cross-head f is connected by two side rods f f to two brackets a a formed on or connected to the lower half a of the door. The upper end of the shaft 6 is provided with a wheel or other suitable turning device.

In operation the halves a and a of the door are made to approach or recede from each other simultaneously by turning the shaft 6, the screws e and e moving the doors by means of the screw-nuts a and a.

We will now give .an example of our invention fitted to be worked by hand, hydraulic, or

by steam power, as illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, 5, and G. \Vhen employing hydraulic or steam power, the upper part-door a may, as shown in Fig. 3, be connected to the piston-rod e of a cylinder g, and the lower part-door a is connected to the upper part-door a by chains or ropes h h. The said chains or ropes h h are attached at the lower ends to lugs 71. h on the lower part-door a, which lugs project through slots 1) in the guide I), and at the upper ends pass over fixed pulleys 7L2 7L2 and are connected to the upper part-door a at h h so that as the upper part-door a is forced down by the piston-rod e the lower part-door a is drawn up by the chains or ropes h h to meet it. Any difference in the size of the two parts forming the door may be compensated for by means of pulleys or other gearing. The cylinder 9 may be a hydraulic cylinder, in which case it is provided with a cook or valve 7c, having a branch a branch 70 to the top of the cylinder g, a branch 10 to the bottom of the cylinder g, and a branch 76. The valve is provided with a lever :12, worked by a rod Z from any convenient place. To work the piston and its rod e, liquid under pressure may be supplied from any suitable source to the cylinder g through the branch 70 or 70* and to the top or bottom of the cylinder g through the branches k or 7.5 as required.

The supply of liquid for working the piston and its rod 6 of the cylinder g may be provided by means of a hand hydraulic cylinder m (Shown at Figs. 5 and 6.) The piston and rod 0?, of this cylinder m is worked by means of the hand-wheel 0, which is placed above the cylinder m and works the bevelwheels 1) p, the wheel 1) being provided with a journal running in a bearing on the bracket q and being formed with an internal screw, into which works the piston-rod n, which is provided with a screw at its upper end for this purpose, and so that the turning of the wheel 19 will work the piston of the cylinder m up and down, as required. The cylinder 'm is in communication with the cylinder g by means of the pipes s and t. The pipes is connected to the branch it", and the pipe 15 is connected to the branch 70 In case of a steamship the pipe 8 is provided with a nonreturn-steam lift-valve a, which is in communication with the steam-boiler by the branch a, and is always free to open into the pipe 8. The branch a may also be in communication with the discharge from a donkey steam-pump. The pipe t is provided with a valve e, which is provided with apipe w, which serves as an exhaust when working by means of the donkey-pump or steam from boiler. On the cylinder m, and in communication with the pipes s and t, respectively,-

there are provided safety-valves s and If, so that should any abnormal pressure occur in the system and within the end of the cylinder under pressure the liquid in that end will lift the safety-valve thereof and be forced into the pipe 3 or 1? connected therewith, or rather from the one end of the hydraulic cylinder to the-other when the safety-valve lifts.

WVhen working the water-tight doors by means of the apparatus constructed and ar ranged as shown at Figs. 3 to 0, the pipes s and 6 may be in communication wit-l1 the cylinders g of one or a set of doors. When worked by hand, the upstroke of the piston of the cylinder m, caused by means of the hand-wheel o and the bevel-wheels p p, forces liquid from the cylinder at through the pipe 8 to the branch 7; of the cock 7; of the cylinder g and to the top or bottom of the cylinder g, according to the way opened by the cock 7c through the lever 00, the return liquid from the other end of the cylinder 9 passing from the cylinder through the then exhaust branch and the pipe t back to the other end of the cylinder m. On the downstroke of the piston of the cylinderat the liquid is forced through the pipe t to the cock 7t and through the branch 7; to the top or bottom of the cylinder g, as the way may be opened by the cook it, the return liquid flowing through the branch The non-return or lift valve u is always free to lift and open into the pipe 8, so that any loss and want of liquid in the pipe .9 or the system will be re plenished. WVhen steam is used to work the piston of the cylinder g, it is supplied through the valve u and the pipe 8, the exhaust being through the pipe 25, the valve 7;, and the pipe In like manner when the piston of the cylinder g is worked by liquid from the donkey-pump it is supplied to the cylinder 9 through the .valve to and the pipe 8, the exhaust being through the pipe 25, valve 1 and pipe to. The cock 7c may also be arranged to be worked automatically. For this purpose it is provided with a lever QC, connected by a rod or to a float x placed at the bottom of the ship, so that in case water flows into the ship it willlift the float m and through the rod :13 and lever 03 'will open the valve 7.: to steam or other pressure from the pipes, which will, through the piston-rod c, cause the halfdoors a a to close. The half-doors a a are provided with 1)I'Oj6(3tlOI1S Z]@/',SO that in opening, should the lower half-door a. stick or jam, a prop can be placed to butt on the projections 1 1 and by working the upper l1alf-door a it will force the lower half-door a down. At the lintel and at the sill z of the door and at the center where the half-doors a a meet we provide wedging devices a. The meeting edges of the half-doors a a are beveled, as shown in Fig. 7 so that they form a joint where they come together and cut through or displace any obstacle.

The wedging devices for bringing the halfdoors up to face are illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8. On the four corners of the half-doors we provide wedge-pieces 1, and on the wedging devices 2' we provide brasses 2, which are adjustable by screwed bolts 3, and by which the half-doors are set up to face when closed.

In this specification we have described the upper and lower doors as half-doors; but we would have it understood that the sizes of the parts need not be equal, and it they are not equal it will be understood that the gear must be arranged accordingly. lVe would also have it understood that, although we have de scribed the hand hydraulic gear as adapted to work doors made in two parts, it is also applicable to work ordinary doors made in one piece.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is- 1. The water-tight bulk-head door herein describedthat is to say, a door consisting of two parts, combined with mechanism to operate the same, for the purposes set forth.

2. A'water-tight bulkhead door constructed of two parts, said parts being adapted to slide in opposite directions and simultaneously, combined with mechanism suitable to operate the same, for the purposes set forth.

3. A water-tight bulk-head door constructed of two parts, said parts being connected together by means of chains, rods, or ropes, and so arranged that the two parts are actuated by a single mechanism and moved simultaneously toward each other when closing and receding from each other in opening, as set forth.

4. The combination, with a water-tightbulkhead door, of a system of hydraulics comprising two or more cylinders and pistons, one of said cylinders g and pistons 6 being connected to the door a, and the other (the actuating cylinder m) with the said door-cylinder g through the pipe 10, whereby by operation of the actuating-cylinder m and piston 01 the door-cylinder g and piston c and its door a (or a plurality of same) are operated, for the purposes set forth.

5. In combination with a bulk-head door connected with the piston e of a hydraulic cylinder g, a hydraulic cylinder m and piston 11, and with a hand-wheel 0 or equivalent device for operating the piston 11, and a pipe connecting the cylinders g and m, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of cylinder g with the double bulk-head door a a, one of the doors a being connected with said cylinder g and the other a with the door a, substantially as set forth.

'7. The combination of a sliding bulk-head -door in two parts, each part bearinga wedge 1,with the stationary wedging device .2", having the laterally-adjustable counter-wedges 2, that are adapted'to bear on. the wedges 1, substantially as described.

IVALTER PATERSON. IVILLIAM BRUCE CUMMING. IVitnesses:

W. J. SULIs, U. S. Vice and Dy. Consul, Liverpool.

'A. W LLACE. 

